The 1958–59 Ranji Trophy marked the 25th edition of the competition. Twenty-three teams participated in this first-class tournament, which followed a knockout format across India.
Bombay secured the championship after defeating Bengal in the final. This victory served as their 10th title and triggered an unprecedented streak of 15 consecutive tournament wins for the side. Bombay reached the final and chose to bat first after winning the toss.
Individual performances shaped the season for various players. Pankaj Roy of Bengal led the batting charts, accumulating 605 runs throughout the competition. Meanwhile, Ramakant Desai from Bombay dominated the bowling figures by taking 50 wickets.
| 7–11 Mar 1959 Scorecard |
| Bombay (H) | v | Bengal |
| 294 (107.5 overs)H. D. Amroliwala 139Premangsu Chatterjee 6/76 | 176 (72.4 overs)Pankaj Roy 51Manohar Hardikar 4/24 | |
| 536/9 decl (141 overs)Madhav Apte 157, Ramnath Kenny 111Sujit Bose 3/125 | 234 (70.3 overs)Pankaj Roy 95Ramakant Desai 4/37 |
| Bombay won by 420 runsBrabourne Stadium, Bombay Umpires: Mohammad Yunus and Narayan Sane |
Squad lists and statistics via Wikipedia