The 1970–71 Ranji Trophy marked the 37th edition of the first-class competition in India. Twenty-four teams entered the tournament, which featured a combination of league and knockout rounds to determine the eventual winner. Rules for qualification shifted this season, as the top two teams from each zone advanced to the knockout stage instead of just the leader.
This change in format proved crucial for Bombay. They finished second in the West Zone behind Maharashtra, ending their lengthy streak of zonal dominance. However, the new system allowed them to move into the quarterfinals regardless. Once they reached the knockout phase, Bombay recovered their championship form and defeated Maharashtra in the final to secure the title.
This victory represented the 22nd overall championship for Bombay and their 13th consecutive triumph. In the final match itself, Bombay won the toss and elected to bat first. Individual performers left their mark throughout the tournament as well. Hemant Kanitkar from Maharashtra led all players with 687 runs, while Mysore bowler B. S. Chandrasekhar topped the charts with 46 wickets.
| 2–7 April 1971 Final Scorecard |
| Bombay (H) | v | Maharashtra |
| 287 (110 overs)Ramnath Parkar 108Nicholas Saldanha 6/66 (26 overs) | 230 (92.3 overs)Nicholas Saldanha 50Abdul Ismail 4/41 (19 overs) | |
| 196 (107.3 overs)Mahesh Sampat 60Vithal Joshi 5/62 (27.1 overs) | 205 (83.4 overs)Chandu Borde 51Padmakar Shivalkar 6/56 (29.4 overs) |
| Bombay won by 48 runsBrabourne Stadium, Bombay Umpires: M. V. Nagendra and B. Satyaji Rao |
Squad lists and statistics via Wikipedia