The 1979–80 Ranji Trophy marked the 46th season of the premier first-class cricket competition in India. Twenty-four teams competed across a format that combined league stages with a knockout progression to determine the eventual winner.
Delhi emerged as the champions for the second time in the history of the tournament. They secured the title by defeating Bombay in the final. Delhi captain Bishan Singh Bedi won the toss in that deciding match and elected to bat first.
Individual performances stood out throughout the season despite the team-focused nature of the competition. Dilip Vengsarkar from Bombay finished as the leading run-scorer with a total of 763 runs. Meanwhile, Haryana bowler Rajinder Goel dominated the bowling charts by taking 44 wickets over the course of the tournament.
| Pre-Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Finals |
| 29 Feb 1980 — Calcutta | |||
| Bengal (T) | 333/6 | ||
| 14 Mar 1980 — Calcutta | |||
| Hyderabad | 245/5 | ||
| Bengal | 156 & 354 | ||
| Delhi | 337 & 239/7d | ||
| 28 Mar 1980 — Delhi | |||
| Delhi | 229 & 167 | ||
| Maharashtra | 223 & 59 | ||
| 14 Mar 1980 — Jaipur | |||
| Rajasthan | 239 & 66/2 | ||
| Maharashtra | 352 & 254/6d | ||
| 11 Apr 1980 — Delhi | |||
| Delhi | 547 & 177 | ||
| Bombay | 245 & 239 | ||
| 14 Mar 1980 — Bangalore | |||
| Karnataka | 320 & 167 | ||
| Haryana | 232 & 258/5d | ||
| 28 Mar 1980 — Rohtak | |||
| Haryana | 68 & 111 | ||
| Bombay | 143 & 150 | ||
| 14 Mar 1980 — Jamshedpur | |||
| Bihar | 190 & 425/7d | ||
| 29 Feb 1980 — Kanpur | |||
| Bombay | 437 & 53/1 | ||
| Uttar Pradesh | 265 & 117 | ||
| Bombay | 226 & 157/3 |
| 11–16 April 1980 Scorecard |
| Delhi (H) | v | Bombay |
| 547 (202.4 overs)Mohinder Amarnath 191, Kirti Azad 102Padmakar Shivalkar 5/125 | 245 (93 overs)Dilip Vengsarkar 81Kirti Azad 3/55 | |
| 177 (68.1 overs)Surinder Khanna 44Ravi Shastri 6/61 | 239 (97.2 overs)Sunil Gavaskar 93Bishan Bedi 5/60 |
| Delhi won by 240 runsFeroz Shah Kotla, Delhi Umpires: Bhairab Ganguli and V. Vikramraju |
Squad lists and statistics via Wikipedia